The sheer number and variety of rock and mineral samples required for the production of the units is immense.
More than 60 samples representing 25 different types of metallic and industrial minerals, aggregates and the three main rock groups — igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic — are required for each kit. The organization relies greatly on their industry partners, resident geologists from the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines and a crew of students to aid in the collection and sizing of samples.
We would like to take this opportunity to thank the many in-kind contributors for their on-going support. However, it flows much quicker because it is less viscous. The Hawaiian Islands are made of basaltic lava. The ocean floor is also mostly basalt. Distinguishing Characteristics: red-brown to black, frothy with small visible holes where gas escaped while the lava cooled. Origin of your Samples: Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario Uses: Basalt is crushed and used as crushed stone, concrete aggregate and railroad ballast.
Basalt fibres are used in the production of high quality textile fibres, floor tiles, basalt plastic reinforcement bars, basalt fibre roofing felt and glass wool fibre glass.
Rock Type: sedimentary Composition: fragments of other rocks and minerals cemented by silica, calcite, or iron oxide. Environment: The rock fragments can be rounded from being rolled along a stream bed or a beach during transportation. If the fragments embedded in the matrix are angular instead of rounded, the rock is called a breccia pronounced BRECH-i-a. Distinguishing Characteristics: dark grey with imbedded fragments Origin of your Samples: Kirkland Lake, Ontario Uses: conglomerate is used in the construction industry.
Rock Type : sedimentary Composition : dolomite and fossils Metamorphoses to : marble Environment : Sea water, high in magnesium, flows through porous limestone and replaces some of the calcium with magnesium turning limestone into dolostone.
Fossils are plants or animals that have been preserved in rock as organic carbon, chitin, or some mineral that replaced the original tissue. When an animal or plant dies its body can end up being buried by mud or other sediments.
The hard parts skeleton, teeth, shell and sometimes tissue leaves, flowers, muscle, cartilage may be preserved when the sediments become rock. Distinguishing Characteristics : Grey with fossils that are visible. Anything that looks like it was once alive may be a fossil.
Fossils are often the same colour as the rocks in which they are found. It is found in asphalt mixes for roads and streets, high strength concrete mixes used for high-rise residential buildings, bridge overpasses, sidewalks and airport runways. Crushed dolostone is used to create drainage layers under high volume roads and is found in uncontaminated construction fill. Distinguishing Characteristics: dark grey-black, shiny surfaces of feldspar are visible.
Often chromium, nickel and platinum occur in association with Gabbro. Rock Type: metamorphic Composition: quartz, feldspar, mica Original Rock: granite, gabbro Environment: Gneiss forms at high temperatures and pressures. Distinguishing Characteristics: banded with alternating layers of dark and light minerals. Origin of your Samples: Parry Sound, Ontario Uses: Gneiss is used in construction, aggregate and for ornamental purposes. Gneiss samples courtesy of Fowler Construction Company Ltd.
Distinguishing Characteristics: Visible crystals of pink feldspar, white or grey quartz, and black mica. There is no horizontal banding in granite.
Origin of your Samples: Belmont Township, Ontario Uses: Granite is used for kitchen countertops and as a decorative building material. Tibetan-Black-Quartz is a powerful protective crystal that can ward off any negativity which can affect your body, heart, mind, and soul. It will cleanse your aura so that you will attract only positive vibrations. This crystal will allow you to remove stagnant energies and to activate your chakras. Black quartz is a variety of quartz that ranges in clarity from almost complete transparency to an almost-opaque black crystal.
Commercially speaking, dealers sell quartz by the pound either wholesale or retail. Clearer, more vibrant, and unbroken specimens are the most valuable quartz. Our rose quartz chunks weigh, on average, between 1.
Like Clear Quartz, Rose Quartz can be impersonated by taking glass and adding a rose-colored dye. Some are welded tuffs and look like rhyolite.
Agglomerate: Contains volcanic fragments larger than 2 centimeters about 1 inch in diameter that were blown out of a volcanic vent. They are larger than ash particles, but have the same origin.
Quartz: Occurs as irregular, glassy grains, commonly clear to smoky with no cleavage. Muscovite: Brass or clear gray-colored flakes associated with quartz or K-feldspar. Perfect cleavage in 1 direction layers. Orthoclase K-feldspar : Porcelain luster; commonly colored pink, white, or gray. Cleavage in 2 directions at right angles may be detected by a reflection of light when specimen is rotated.
Plagioclase: Usually gray or white in granite, dark-bluish color in gabbro. Striations common. Biotite: Small black flakes with perfect cleavage in 1 direction layers , reflects light.
Amphibole Hornblende : Long, black crystals in a light-colored matrix. Cleavage at 60 and degrees. Pyroxene Augite : Short, dull, greenish-black minerals in darker rocks. Cleavage in two directions at 90 degrees.
Privacy Policy. Skip to main content. Module 5 — Igneous Rocks. Search for:. There are three basic rock types: Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous Rocks Igneous rocks fiery rocks are made when molten material inside or outside the earth cools and becomes solid. They cool gradually and slowly.
Individual crystals have time and space to grow large. Feldspar pink to white blocky mineral crystallizes at high temperatures early in the cooling process and, thus, has straight crystal sides.
Quartz clear, glassy mineral crystallizes later and fills spaces. Characteristics: Coarse-grained — The grains, or crystals, are big enough to tell what mineral each one is. The crystals are usually larger than 1 millimeter larger than the point of a pen or pencil.
The edges of the crystals interlock. The crystals are shiny, flat surfaces which fit together like jigsaw puzzle pieces, with straight edges on some crystals.
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